linux ubuntu 14.04 初体验

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安装后的基本设置

menuentry 'Ubuntu，Linux 3.5.0-23-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
recordfail
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos7)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bd1de75-64db-466d-b8af-11dccb98e41f
linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-23-generic root=UUID=6bd1de75-64db-466d-b8af-11dccb98e41f ro   quiet splash $v
initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-23-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-23-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --cla
recordfail
insmod gzio
insmod part_msdos
insmod ext2
set root='(hd0,msdos7)'
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bd1de75-64db-466d-b8af-11dccb98e41f
echo    '载入 Linux 3.5.0-23-generic ...'
linux   /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-23-generic root=UUID=6bd1de75-64db-466d-b8af-11dccb98e41f ro recovery nomodese
echo    '载入初始化内存盘...'
initrd  /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-23-generic
}

编辑/etc/profile追加一下内容

JAVA_HOME=/jdk1.6.0_22
CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib.tools.jar
PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH

执行

source /etc/profile

安装Eclipse
下载Eclipse并创建快捷方式，在桌面上创建一个文档名为eclipse.desktop。打开文档输入内容：

[Desktop Entry]
Categories=Development;
Comment[zh_CN]=
Comment=
Exec=/usr/java//eclipse/eclipse
GenericName[zh_CN]=IDE
GenericName=IDE
Icon=/usr/java/eclipse/icon.xpm
MimeType=
Name[zh_CN]=eclipse
Name=eclipse
Path=
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application
X-DBUS-ServiceName=
X-DBUS-StartupType=
X-KDE-SubstituteUID=false
X-KDE-Username=owen

右键文件增加读写权限

Install flash player for chromium

sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:skunk/pepper-flash
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pepflashplugin-installer

sudo apt-get install pepperflashplugin-nonfree
sudo update-pepperflashplugin-nonfree –install

missing pub key error fix

sudo apt-key adv –keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com –recv-keys 8BAF9A6F

Note that you need to configure Chromium to use Pepper Flash. To do this, open /etc/chromium-browser/default and add the following line to the end of the file on a new line:

. /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/pepflashplayer.sh

if chromium say flash crash when opening, check url chrome://plugins/ to see if /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/libpepflashplayer.so exist, if not, try copy it from /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/libpepflashplayer.so to /usr/lib/pepflashplugin-installer/.

显示当前硬件信息：

sudo lshw

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

sudo apt-get remove empathy
sudo apt-get install pidgin
sudo apt-get install pidgin-plugin-pack

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pidgin-indicator

Ubuntu 13.10/14.04用户安装LXQT桌面:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:lubuntu-dev/lubuntu-daily
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gilir/q-project
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install lxqt-metapackage

Ubuntu 14.04用户安装Bodhi桌面（Enlightenment桌面环境）:

sudo sh -c ‘echo “deb http://packages.bodhilinux.com/bodhi trusty main” >> /etc/apt/sources.list’
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install packagekit
sudo apt-get install bodhi-desktop

安装完成之后，在欢迎界面选择桌面即可

Ubuntu 14.04下安装字体工具软件TypeCatcher 0.2

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:andrewsomething/typecatcher
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install typecatcher

卸载typecatcher命令：

sudo apt-get remove typecatcher

移除PPA：

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:andrewsomething/typecatcher

Linux下查看已安装字体的方法

fc-list :lang=zh

进一步了解这些字体对应的文件，可以运行fc-match程序得到

fc-match -v “AR PL UKai CN”

1、安装MS字体

cd /usr/share/fonts
sudo mkdir zh_CN

然后将MS的字体文件(simsun.ttc tahoma.ttf verdana.ttf verdanab.ttf verdanaz.ttf tahomabd.ttf verdanai.ttf)复制到zh_CN目录下, 复制完以后要改变权限

cd zh_CN
sudo chmod 644 *

然后执行

sudo mkfontscale
sudo mkfontdir
sudo fc-cache -fsv